📚 Research Sources & Methodology

How We Calculate Energy Consumption

Our estimates are based on peer-reviewed research and industry measurements from 2024-2025. We combine per-query energy consumption data with token-based calculations to provide realistic estimates. Energy values include both computational costs and datacenter overhead (cooling, networking, etc.).

⚠️ Important Disclaimer

These estimates are based on publicly available research and may not reflect exact real-world consumption. Actual energy use varies significantly based on model optimization, hardware efficiency, datacenter location, and query complexity. Use these figures for general awareness rather than precise calculations.